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Research: Chimpanzees Use High-Ground Tactics Similar to Humans in Warfare

Researchers studying chimpanzees in the Tai National Park in southwestern Ivory Coast have uncovered fascinating insights into the animals’ behaviors during territorial conflicts. The findings suggest that chimpanzees employ strategic tactics reminiscent of human warfare to protect their territories and families.

In a hazardous border region, approximately 30 chimpanzees were observed engaging in behaviors that could be likened to military strategies.  On the boundary of a dangerous territory, the group was seen climbing a rocky mountain, using it as a vantage point for surveillance, detecting the sounds of adversaries a bit too close for comfort, the squad retreats, avoiding unnecessary confrontation.

The study, conducted over three years, documents the high-ground tactics in wartime situations by observing two communities of chimpanzees on a daily basis.

Observing from hilltops influenced the chimpanzees’ choices about whether to explore the territory of rival groups. The research highlights that the chimpanzees were more inclined to enter risky areas when the chances of a confrontation were lower, showing a distinctive adjustment in their behavior.

The study reveals that chimpanzees are extremely territorial, undertaking regular border patrols in a coordinated and cohesive manner. These patrols involve inter-group encounters that can range from vocal exchanges to physical confrontations, including fights, bites, and chases, with killings not uncommon.

Interestingly, climbing hills did not necessarily improve visual detection of rival community members. Instead, it provided improved acoustic conditions to detect adversaries by sound. The chimpanzees refrained from noisy activities while atop border hills, opting to rest and listen, showcasing their adaptive behavior.

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